6 Bowdoin Road, Mashpee MA 02649
Rte. 28 on the Barnstable/Mashpee Line
Toll Free 800-834-3132, 508-477-3132
Mon-Fri: 7am-5pm Sat: 7am-1pm
Rte. 28 on the Barnstable/Mashpee Line
Toll Free 800-834-3132, 508-477-3132
Mon-Fri: 7am-5pm Sat: 7am-1pm
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A
Actual size
The finished size as opposed to the nominal size of a piece of wood.
Abbreviations
• BF - Board foot
• Box - Rough grade timber
• BT - Boric treated. Internal framing
• C.F. - Chemical free
• CD - Plywood with defects on one side and sanded on the other.
• CGL - Common Grade Lumber
• Ctl - Cut to length
• Clears - Timber without knots
• D4S - Dressed 4 sides
• d.b.h - Diameter at breast height
• DD - Plywood with defects on both sides
• D/G - Dressing grade but a lower grade of timber
• F1 - Number one framing
• F2 - Number two framing
• FBM - Feet, Board, Measure
• Fj - Finger jointed
• GL - Green lumber
• H1 - Pressure-Treated for inside use. Dry areas
• H3 - Pressure-Treated for outside use but not in the ground.
• H4 - Pressure-Treated for outside use and in the ground.
• H5 - Pressure-Treated for in ground structural applications.
• H6 - Pressure_treated for salt water immersion.
• KD - Kiln dried
• KDAT - Kiln dried after treatment. Kiln dried to 19% or less moisture after being pressure treated.
• L/F - Lineal (running) foot.
• L/M - Lineal (running) metre.
• MDF - Medium Density Fiberboard
• Merch - Merchantable. H3, usually fencing.
• M/G - Gauged smooth finish
• MSG - Machine stress graded
• PP or pp - Pre primed
• P/T - Pressure-Treated lumber
• Rad - Radiata. Species of pine most commonly used in NZ
• R.L. - Random Lengths
• R/S - Rough sawn
• SED - Small end diameter (for round poles)
• SPF- Spruce, Pine, Fir. Indicates that the piece of wood is from the Spruce, Pine or Fir family.
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B
Board foot (BF)
Unit of measure applied to roundwood. It relates to lumber that is 1 foot long, 1 foot wide, and 1 inch thick (or its equivalent).
Box
Rough grade timber.
Byproducts
Primary wood products (e.g. pulp chips, animal bedding, fuelwood, etc.) recycled from mill residues.
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C
Central stem
The portion of a tree between a 1-foot stump and the minimum 4.0-inch top diameter outside bark, or point where the central stem breaks into limbs.
Clears
Timber without knots.
Coarse mill residue
Primary wood products (e.g. pulp chips, animal bedding, fuelwood, etc.) recycled from mill residues
Commercial species
Tree species presently or prospectively suitable for industrial wood products. (Note: Excludes species of typically small size, poor form, or inferior quality such as hophornbeam, osage-orange, and redbud.)
Composite products
Roundwood products manufactured into chips, wafers, strands, flakes, shavings or sawdust and then reconstituted into a variety of panel and engineered lumber products.
Cord
Unit of measure applied to roundwood, usually bolts or split wood. It relates to stack of roundwood 4 feet high, 4 feet wide, and 8 feet long, containing 128 cubic feet of wood, bark, and air space.
Cull
Net volume of rough and rotten trees plus the nongrowing stock portions of growing stock trees (stumps, tops, limbs, cull section of central stem).
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D
Diameter at breast height (d.b.h.)
Net volume of rough and rotten trees plus the nongrowing stock portions of growing stock trees (stumps, tops, limbs, cull section of central stem).
Dimensions
• 1" - One inch
• 1' - One foot
• 1mm - One millimeter
• 2/150x50 - Two lengths of 150mm x 50mm boards nailed together to make one beam, header or lintel 150mm x 100mm in size.
• 2/2x6 - Two lengths of 2x6 (2inch x 6inch) boards nailed together to make one beam, header or lintel 4x6 in size.
• 1x2 - Piece of lumber 1 inch thick x 2 inches wide.
• 2x4 - Piece of lumber 2 inches thick x 4 inches wide.
• 50x25 - Piece of lumber 50mm wide x 25mm thick.
• 100x50 - Piece of lumber 100mm wide x 50mm thick.
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E
There are no terms listed beginning with the letter E.
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F
Fiber products
Byproducts used in the manufacture of pulp, paper, paperboard, and composite products, like waferboard, chip board, etc.
Fine mill residue
Wood residue not suitable for chipping, such as sawdust and veneer clippings.
Forest Industry
An ownership class of private lands owned by companies or individuals operating primary wood-using plants.
Forest land
Land at least 16.7 percent stocked by forest trees of any size, or formerly having had such tree cover, and not currently developed for nonforest use. (Note: Stocking is measured by comparing specified standards with basal area and /or number of trees, age or size, and spacing.) The minimum area for classification of forest land is 1 acre. Roadside, streamside, and shelterbelt strips of timber must have a crown width of at least 120 feet to qualify as forest land. Unimproved roads and trails, streams, or other bodies of water or clearings in forest areas shall be classed as forest if less than 120 feet wide.
Fuelwood
Roundwood products and mill residue byproducts used to produce some form of energy (heat, steam, etc.) in residential, industrial, or institutional settings.
Full Sawn
Lumber cut, in the rough, to its full nominal size.
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G
Green lumber
Freshly cut lumber that has not had time to dry. Moisture content in excess of 19%.
Growing-stock removals
The growing-stock volume removed from poletimber and sawtimber trees in the timberland inventory. (Note: Includes volume removed for roundwood products, logging residues, and other removals).
Growing-stock tree
A live timberland tree of commercial species that meets specified standards of size, quality, and merchantability. (Note: Excludes rough, rotten, and dead trees.)
Growing-stock volume
Net volume of growing-stock trees 5.0 inches d.b.h. and over, from 1 foot above the ground to a minimum 4.0 inch top diameter outside bark of the central stem or to the point where the central stem breaks into limbs.
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H
Hardwoods
Dicotyledonous trees, usually broad-leaved and deciduous.
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I
Industrial roundwood products
Roundwood products (e.g. saw logs, pulpwood, veneer logs, etc.) intended to be processed into primary wood products (e.g. lumber, wood pulp, sheathing, etc.) at primary wood-using mills.
International 1/4-inch
A log rule, or formula, for estimating the board-foot volume of logs.
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J
There are no terms listed beginning with the letter J.
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K
There are no terms listed beginning with the letter K.
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L
Lineal Foot (L/F)
A measurement of the length of a board.
Lineal Metre (L/M)
A measurement of the length of a board.
Logging residue
The unused portions of trees cut, or killed by logging, and left in the woods.
Lumber
Wood logs which have been sawn, or sawn and planed, and cut to length.
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M
Medium density fiberboard (MDF)
A special type of tempered hardboard with a fine, smooth finish. MDF is used in cabinet making.
Merchantable sections
Refers to sections of the central stem of growing-stock trees that meet either pulpwood or saw-log specifications.
Mill residue
Wood materials (coarse and fine) and bark generated at manufacturing plants (primary wood-using mills) when roundwood products are processed into primary wood products, includes slabs, edgings, trimmings, sawdust, veneer clippings and cores, and pulp screenings. (Note: Includes mill residues recycled as byproducts as well as those left unutilized and disposed of as waste.)
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N
National Forest
An ownership class of federal lands, designated by Executive Order or statute as National Forests or purchase units, and other lands under administration of the Forest Service, including experimental areas and Bankhead-Jones Title III lands.
Net volume
Gross volume less deductions for rot, sweep, or other defects affecting use for roundwood products.
Nominal size
The rough-sawn size of a piece of lumber. Before the lumber is planed or dressed. The nominal size is usually greater than the actual dimension. e.g.:2 x 4 actually equals 1 1/2" x 3 1/2".
Noncommercial species
Trees species of typically small size, poor form, or inferior quality that normally do not develop into trees suitable for industrial roundwood products.
Nonforest land
Land that has never supported forests, and land formerly forested where use for timber management is precluded by development for other uses. (Note: Includes areas used for crops, improved pasture, residential areas, city parks, improved roads of any width and adjoining clearings, powerline clearings of any width, and 1- to 39.9-acre areas of water classified by the Bureau of the Census as land. If intermingled in forest areas, improved roads and nonforest strips must be more than 120 feet wide and more than 1 acre to qualify as nonforest land.)
Nongrowing-stock removal
The net volume removed from the nongrowing -stock portions of poletimber and sawtimber trees (stumps, tops, limbs, cull sections of central stem) and from any portion of a rough, rotten, sapling, dead, or nonforest tree.
Nonindustrial private
An ownership class of private lands where the owner does not operate wood-using plants.
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O
One inch
Example: 1"
One foot
Example: 1'
One millimeter
Example: 1mm
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P
Poletimber
A growing-stock tree at least 5.0 inches d.b.h. but smaller than sawtimber size (9.0 inches d.b.h. for softwoods, 11.0 inches d.b.h. for hardwoods).
Poletimber removals
Net volume removed from the merchantable central stem (growing-stock portion) of poletimber.
Posts, poles and pilings
Roundwood products milled (cut, peeled, etc.) into standard sizes (lengths and circumferences) to be put in the ground to provide vertical and lateral support in buildings, foundations, utility lines and fences. May also include nonindustrial (unmilled).
Premium
Contains some small tight knots.
Pressure-Treated lumber
Pressure sprayed lumber to lengthen its life expectancy for outside use or inground applications.
Primary wood products
The rough and finished products (lumber, wood pulp, veneer sheathing, handles, etc.) manufactured from roundwood products at primary wood-using mills.
Primary wood-using mills
Mills that convert roundwood products (saw logs, veneer logs, pulpwood, etc.) into primary wood products, like lumber, sheathing, wood pulp, etc.
Productive reserved forestland
Forest land that is withdrawn from timber utilization by statute or administrative regulation.
Pulpwood
Roundwood logs, bolts, or chips reduced to individual wood fibers by chemical or mechanical means for the manufacture of a variety of paper and paperboard products.
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Q
There are no terms listed beginning with the letter Q.
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R
Radiata
Species of pine most commonly used in NZ.
Random (R.L.)
Mixed lengths, as it comes off the stack.
Rotten tree
A tree that does not meet regional merchantability standards because of excessive unsound cull.
Rough tree
A tree that does not meet regional merchantability standards because of excessive sound cull. Includes noncommercial tree species
Roundwood products
Logs, bolts, or chips cut from trees for industrial and nonindustrial uses (sawlogs, veneer logs, pulpwood, fuelwood, etc.).
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S
Sapling
A live tree between 1.0 and 5.0 inches d.b.h.
Sawn
To produce or shape with a saw.
Saw log
A roundwood product, usually 8 feet in length or longer, processed into a variety of sawn products (lumber, cants, blocks, squares, etc.).
Saw log portion
That portion of the central stem of sawtimber trees between the stump and the saw-log top.
Saw log top
The point on the central stem of sawtimber trees above which a saw log can not be produced. The minimum saw-log top is 7.0 inches d.o.b. for softwoods and 9.0 inches d.o.b. for hardwoods.
Sawtimber removals
The net volume removed from the merchantable central stem (growing-stock portion) of sawtimber trees (Note: includes the saw-log and upper-stem portions of sawtimber trees.) When referencing removals from the sawtimber inventory as in tables 4-6 of the timber removals tables, only the volume in the saw-log portion of sawtimber trees (sawtimber volume ) removed for roundwood products, logging residue, and other removals is included, and is expressed in thousands of board feet (International 1/4-inch rule).
Sawtimber tree
A growing-stock tree containing at least a 12-foot saw log or two noncontiguous saw logs 8 feet or longer, and meeting regional specifications for freedom from defect. Softwoods must be at least 9.0 inches d.b.h. and hardwoods must be at least 11.0 inches d.b.h.
Sawtimber volume
Net volume in the saw-log portion of sawtimber trees
Selected
Lengths selected to order.
Siding
Exterior finish on walls. May be made from wood, pressed wood by products, hardboard, vinyl, or metal.
Softwoods
Coniferous trees, usually evergreen, having needles or scale-like leaves.
Source
Identifies timber removals as coming from certain portions or types of trees. (Note: see poletimber removals, sawtimber removals, growing-stock removals, nongrowing-stock removals)
Standard
Contains small and large knots.
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T
Tops
The wood of a tree above that of the central stem
Tree
A woody plant usually having one or more perennial stems, a more or less definitely formed crown of foliage, and a height of al least 12 feet at maturity.
Timber Product Output
The total volume of roundwood products harvested from all sources plus the volume of byproducts recovered from mill residues.
Timber removals
The total volume of trees removed by harvesting roundwood product, conducting cultural activities, and clearing forestlands. (Note: Includes roundwood products, logging residues, and other removals).
Timberland
Forest land that is producing, or is capable of producing, in excess of 20 cubic feet per acre per year of industrial roundwood products under natural conditions, is not withdrawn from timber utilization by statute or administrative regulation, and is not associated with urban or rural development.
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U
Upper stem portion
That portion of the central stem of sawtimber trees between the saw-log top and the minimum top diameter of 4.0 inches outside bark, or to the point where the central stem breaks into limbs.
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V
Veneer
A thin sheet of wood cut from a log.
Veneer log
A roundwood product peeled, sliced, stamped or sawn into a variety of veneer products (sheathing, plywood, panels, containers, sticks, etc.).
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W
Wane
The presence of bark or lack of wood from any cause on the edge or corner of a piece of wood.
Weight
A unit of measure for mill residues, expressed as oven-dry tons (2000 oven-dry pounds).
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X
There are no terms listed beginning with the letter X.
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Y
There are no terms listed beginning with the letter Y.
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Z
There are no terms listed beginning with the letter Z.
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